Assessment of the potential impact of the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine on malaria morbidity in Benin: a mathematical modelling approach
Malaria remains a major public health challenge in Benin, particularly among children under five, despite government efforts and the implementation of vector control interventions. This study, based on a modelling approach, assesses the potential impact and effectiveness of introducing the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine in reducing malaria morbidity in the Couffo department. The multi-disease epidemiological model (EMOD) was calibrated using entomological, epidemiological and climatic data collected between 2010 and 2023. The vaccine was incorporated in line with the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) strategy, enabling the monitoring of cohorts of children under five within 1,000 simulated populations. Nine scenarios combining different levels of coverage and vaccination schedules, as well as a baseline scenario without vaccination, were analysed using various statistical analyses with the R software (version 4.5.1).